Rapid human population growth and changing land use are driving habitat loss and fragmentation across the project landscape, increasing interactions between people and Somali giraffes. Traditional routes to water points along the Tana River in Garissa have been converted to agricultural land, restricting giraffe access to critical resources and bringing them into closer contact with farms.

At the same time, giraffes are increasingly attracted to mango trees where they feed on flowers leading to crop damage, economic losses for farmers, and retaliatory risks to giraffes. To reduce conflict and promote coexistence, SGP implements non-lethal deterrent measures, including the distribution of low-cost solar sensor lamps, reflective scarecrows, and targeted farmer education on the use of non-lethal giraffe deterrence methods.